What is Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder?

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that occurs in response to a traumatic event. In order to meet the criteria for PTSD, symptoms must occur in response to a traumatic event and persist for at least 1 month whilst also causing functional impairment. Symptom clusters involved in PTSD include intrusion, avoidance, negative mood, and hyperarousal. Patients may experience symptoms from any of these clusters. The intrusion cluster is characterized by recurrent flashbacks and/or nightmares related to the traumatic event that affect the survivor’s sleep patterns. The avoidance cluster is characterized by the patient intentionally avoiding places, situations, or any other reminders of the trauma that they experienced. The negative mood cluster is characterized by feelings of guilt and detachment following the traumatic event. Lastly, the hyperarousal cluster is characterized by insomnia, irritability, and hypervigilance.

PTSD more commonly occurs in women and may occur in response to a number of traumatic events such as military combat, sexual trauma, natural disasters, and witnessing traumatic events. While psychotherapy and medication remain the main treatments for PTSD, many people are now exploring complementary approaches, including yoga, to support recovery and enhance mental well-being.

Originating in India, yoga is a spiritual practice that is intended to unify the mind, body, and spirit. Although it is often seen as a spiritual practice, prescribing to one religion is not required to practice yoga. The practice of yoga includes eight foundational concepts: ethical practices (yamas), disciplines (niyamas), physical postures (asana), breathing practices (pranayama), sensory awareness and control (pratyahara), concentration (dharana), meditation (dhyana), and absorption

(samadhi). The first limb, Yamas, focuses on ethical restraints in how we interact with others, Yoga for Trauma Survivors: A Pathway to Healing Yoga and Trauma Final Thoughts guiding behavior toward compassion, honesty, and non-harm.

The second limb, Niyamas, emphasizes personal observances and self-discipline, encouraging cleanliness, contentment, and self-reflection. The third limb, Asana, involves physical postures that promote strength, flexibility, and balance, while the fourth, Pranayama, focuses on breath control to regulate energy and calm the mind. The fifth limb, Pratyahara, teaches the withdrawal of the senses from distractions to foster inner awareness. Dharana, the sixth limb, develops concentration and mental focus, which naturally leads to the seventh limb, Dhyana, or meditation, cultivating sustained mindfulness and

inner peace. Finally, the eighth limb, Samadhi, represents union, bliss, and self-realization; the goal of yoga, where body, mind, and spirit are harmonized. Together, these eight limbs provide a holistic path to physical health, emotional balance, and spiritual growth.

What are the benefits of practicing yoga for trauma survivors?

Yoga offers a variety of mental health benefits, making it a powerful tool for managing PTSD. One of its key advantages is that it helps balance brain chemicals. Regular practice increases levels of serotonin and GABA, which support mood regulation and calmness, while lowering stress hormones that are often elevated in trauma survivors. Yoga also calms the nervous system by activating the body’s natural relaxation response. This slows heart rate and breathing, helping individuals feel more grounded and peaceful, and improves heart rate variability, which supports healthier emotional regulation.

In addition, yoga enhances mindfulness, teaching people to focus on the present moment instead of dwelling on trauma of the past or worrying about the future. This reduces negative thinking and encourages self-awareness and emotional balance. It also relieves physical symptoms of stress, such as muscle tension, tightness, and restlessness. Breathing exercises can calm the body further and reduce panic-like sensations.

Yoga can improve sleep quality and increase energy, helping practitioners feel more rested and alert throughout the day. Beyond physical and mental benefits, it builds healthy habits and confidence, fostering a sense of routine, self-care, and self-compassion. By creating a safe, nonjudgmental space, yoga supports both emotional and physical healing.

PTSD can take a serious toll on both the mind and body, affecting sleep, mood, and daily functioning. While therapy and medications are the cornerstone of treatment, yoga offers a powerful complementary approach. By combining movement, breathwork, and mindfulness, yoga helps balance brain chemistry, calm the nervous system, and reduce stress responses. It encourages present-moment awareness, helping people process trauma without getting stuck in

negative thoughts of the past. Physical postures release tension, breathing exercises reduce hyperarousal, and a consistent practice fosters self-discipline, self-care, and confidence. Yoga also creates a safe, nonjudgmental space for emotional and physical healing. For those navigating PTSD, it’s more than exercise—it’s a holistic tool that strengthens the mind, soothes the body, and supports long-term resilience.